General Comments
Seated dollar mintage reached its high point in 1872, with over 1.1 million coins issued. This is one
of only two issues in the series with a mintage over 1 million coins, the other being 1871. 1872 coins
are as readily available as the mintage would indicate. Price guides price 1872 as a common date. This
is consistent with our observations of ready availability in all grades. Even low grades, which are
scarce or rare for virtually all dates, are available with patient searching. Population reports show
that 1872 slabs total only about 65% of those for 1871, but availability seems to be about equal.
1872 examples, as with most common dates from the Seated dollar series, are readily available in all grades
up to MS64, and MS64 examples are far more available than most other dates. Well-circulated coins are
common relative to other dates in the series. The somewhat large population reports in low to middle mint
state grades seen to be accurate. Mint state examples are frequently seen at coin shows and in auctions.
The population reports of both major grading services show a little less than 15% of the graded business
strikes in mint state. The finest known example is a single MS66+ graded by PCGS. NGC has graded a single
coin at the MS66 level. Seven additional coins have received a MS65 grade, four at PCGS and 3 at NGC. One
of the NGC coins was evaluated as MS65+. 63 have been graded MS64. As many as 20 of these coins almost
surely represent re-submissions. Population statistics are as of February, 2023.
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Mintage | 1,105,500 |
Proof mintage | 950 |
Mintage ranking | 47th |
Finest known | MS66+ PR67 Cameo |
Known obverse dies | 10 |
Known reverse dies | 6 |
Known die marriages | 15 |
Most common die marriage | OC-3/ R1 |
Rarest business strike die marriage | OC-14/ R7- |
Rarest proof die marriage | OC-P1/ R2 |
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The finest known proofs are x PR67 examples, one graded by PCGS, four by NGC. The PCGS coin and two of the
NGC examples received cameo designations. 17 coins have received a PR66 grade, 7 at PCGS, 10 at NGC. Five
of these were designated as cameo, two by PCGS, one by NGC. 2 were designated ultra cameo by NGC. The two
services have given 50 coins a PR65 grade. Proof population statistics are as of February, 2023.
In the lower grades, the population reports show that over 275 of the business strikes graded are less than
VF20. This is a huge jump from most other dates, far more than any other date except 1871. The greatest
availability is in the XF-AU55 range. In general, all grades of 1872 short of the gem designation are
readily available and will bring prices consistent with what most price guides would indicate.
1872 examples are seldom fully struck. They often display softness on the star centrals, sometimes to the
point that some of the stars may be completely flat. Less often they display weakness on the upper left-wing
feathers and the eagle’s neck feathers. Locating a well struck example will be a challenge, but they can be found.
High-grade business strikes are sometimes prooflike or semi-prooflike, but more often frosty. With a mintage of
over one million the dies wore sufficiently to give most examples a pleasing mint frost. But examples are
available for those who love prooflike surfaces.
1872 Die Marriages
15 die marriages have been positively identified, among the most for any issue in the series. Several
are surprisingly scarce. 9 obverse dies were paired with 5 reverses to strike 14 business strike die
pairs. One of the reverse dies was transitional from 1871. No business strike dies were used for
proofs. We’ve identified no re-marriages for the year, but the dies wore very little, so identifying
the re-marriages is difficult. A single proof die marriage is known, pairing two unique dies. The
reverse die was used again for 1873 proofs. A few examples of the proof die marriage have been seen in
business strike holders. However, we’ve seen no business strikes in proof holders, which is unusual
for the series.
Click the links below to view the details of each marriage.
1872 Business Strike Emission Sequence
The emission sequence required several assumptions, since several die marriages shared no dies. We assumed
that OC-1 was the first issue since it used a reverse die first used in 1871. We've seen only pictures of
several of the rare die marriages. We wouldn't be surprised if changes to the sequence are necessary when
we are able to personally examine examples of these die marriages. We identified no re-marriages for the
year, but based on our findings in other years it’s very likely that some exist. The lack of significant
wear on most of the dies makes them very difficult to identify.
Emission Order |
Die Marriage |
Comments |
1 | OC-1 | We assumed that the marriage which included the
reverse die first used in 1871 was the first issue. |
2 | OC-2 | Reduction in unfinished areas on the obverse due
to die polishing. |
3 | OC-3 | Reverse A die cracks indicate that OC-3 followed OC-2. |
4 | OC-4 | Placement of OC-4 is arbitrary since no dies were shared with the previous marriages. |
5 | OC-5 | Advancing Reverse B die cracks indicate that OC-5 followed OC-4. |
6 | OC-6 | Advancing Reverse B die cracks indicate that OC-6 followed OC-5. |
11 | OC-11 | Advancing Reverse B die cracks indicate that OC-11 followed OC-6. |
12 | OC-12 | Die polishing reduced unfinished areas on Obverse 8 indicating the OC-12 followed OC-11. |
10 | OC-10 | Die polishing reduced unfinished areas on Obverse 8 indicating the OC-10 followed OC-12. |
13 | OC-13 | Advancing Reverse D die wear indicates that OC-13 followed OC-10. |
7 | OC-7 | Die polishing reduced the unfinished areas on Obverse 5 indicating the OC-7 followed OC-13. |
8 | OC-8 | Reverse C die polish indicates that OC-8 followed OC-7. |
9 | OC-9 | Reverse C die polish indicates that OC-9 followed OC-8. |
14 | OC-14 | Reverse C die polish indicates that OC-14 followed OC-9. |
1872 Proof Emission Sequence
With only a single proof die marriage identified the emission sequence is simple.
Emission Order |
Die Marriage |
Comments |
1 | OC-P1 | |
1872 Quick Finder Chart
All reverse dies have notable markers. First identify the reverse die, then determine the date position.
The table below shows the best best markers to allow quick attribution.
Die Marriage |
Obv Die |
Rev Die |
Right Base of 1 |
1st 1 Vertical |
Keys |
OC-1 | 1 | 1871 C | LE | VSL |
Obverse: Low date slanting down.
Reverse: A faint die line joins the middle of WE in the motto.
| OC-2 | 1 | A | LE | VSL |
Obverse: Low date slanting down.
Reverse: Doubled die reverse. Lump on the motto between TR, near the left side of the R.
| OC-3 | 2 | A | RE | L |
Obverse: MPD's - 2 in rock, 2 from rock.
Reverse: Doubled die reverse. Lump on the motto between TR, near the left side of the R.
| OC-4 | 3 | B | RE | C |
Obverse: Die line from shield edge below shield line 5-1. Die lines below heel.
Reverse: Lump between the shaft and upper right serif of the 1st T in TRUST.
| OC-5 | 2 | B | RE | L |
Obverse: MPD's - 2 in rock, 2 from rock.
Reverse: Lump between the shaft and upper right serif of the 1st T in TRUST.
| OC-6 | 4 | B | JR of C | VSH |
Obverse: Lump in gown left of pole.
Reverse: Lump between the shaft and upper right serif of the 1st T in TRUST.
| OC-7 | 5 | C | JL of C | SH |
Obverse: Die line extends down from chin.
Reverse: Die line through left side of O in GOD. Lump attached to the lower loop of G.
| OC-8 | 6 | C | JR of C | VH |
Obverse: Lump under chin.
Reverse: Die line through left side of O in GOD.
| OC-9 | 7 | C | JR of LE | SL |
Obverse: Lump under chin.
Reverse: Die line through left side of O in GOD.
| OC-10 | 8 | D | L QTR | H |
Obverse: MPD below 7.
Reverse: A large lump just right of the lower serif of the E in WE.
| OC-11 | 8 | B | L QTR | H |
Obverse: MPD below 7.
Reverse: Lump between the shaft and upper right serif of the 1st T in TRUST.
| OC-12 | 8 | C | L QTR | H |
Obverse: MPD below 7.
Reverse: Die line through left side of O in GOD. Lump attached to the lower loop of G.
| OC-13 | 5 | D | JL of C | SH |
Obverse: Die line down from chin.
Reverse: A large lump just right of the lower serif of the E in WE.
| OC-14 | 9 | C | RE | VSH |
Obverse: Die line in denticles below 8. NO die lines below heel.
Reverse: Die line through left side of O in GOD. Lump attached to the lower loop of G.
| OC-P1 | P1 | PA | LE | SH |
Obverse: Die line in shield recess #6 above the T in LIBERTY.
Reverse: Strong doubled die reverse.
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Photo credits:
Obverse and reverse full photos:   1872 PCGS PR66 Cameo, among the finest known, from the Heritage archives.
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